What causes Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's stems from degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra, causing resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. Levodopa controls symptoms well early on but does not halt progression.
How MSCs act on neuroinflammation
Interest in MSCs centres on anti-neuroinflammatory action and secretion of neurotrophic factors, which in animal models correlate with slower neuronal loss. Crossing the blood-brain barrier, however, remains a limitation requiring further proof.
Exosomes and the blood-brain barrier
EHL is also developing stem cell-derived exosomes — nanovesicles cells release to communicate — and lists Parkinson's among target applications, since small particles may reach neural tissue more readily than whole cells.