Limb lengthening
Brachydactyly & brachymetatarsia
Brachydactyly most often affects the metacarpals (especially the 2nd and 5th) and metatarsals (especially the 1st and 4th). Causes include childhood growth-plate damage from infection or tumour, genetic disorders, and — most commonly — no identifiable cause. Except in severe cases it does not impair function, so surgery is usually cosmetic.
Who it suits
- Short toes or fingers affecting confidence or shoe fit
- Large length differences needing gradual external lengthening
Technique highlights
- Method 1 — gradual external-fixator lengthening: stable and suited to large differences
- Method 2 — acute one-stage lengthening: no external device, smaller scars, more comfortable
Surgical steps
- Measure the bone and assess surrounding soft tissue.
- Choose gradual or acute lengthening according to the length required.
- Operate and follow up until the new bone consolidates.
Recovery & aftercare
- The acute method needs no external device, so daily life is easier.
- The gradual method requires pin-site care until the device comes off.
Risks & things to consider
- Bone lengthening is major surgery. Outcome and recovery time depend on bone quality, age, weight and how disciplined the patient is with rehabilitation, so identical results cannot be guaranteed.
- Daily physiotherapy is mandatory through both the lengthening and consolidation phases. Skipping it risks joint stiffness, muscle contracture or delayed bone healing.
- Disclose all medical conditions, regular medication, previous bone surgery and drug allergies at the consultation, and stop smoking before and after surgery as instructed — nicotine measurably slows bone healing.
- Acute lengthening stresses surrounding tissue and is unsuitable when a large gain is needed.
Frequently asked questions
Will I walk normally after toe lengthening?
Generally yes — most brachydactyly does not impair function, so surgery targets appearance and forefoot load balance, with prescribed post-operative physiotherapy.
Other procedures in this area
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